Spring IOC（五）依赖注入
Spring IOC（五）依赖注入
Spring 系列目录(https://www.cnblogs.com/binarylei/p/10198698.html)
一、autowire 五种注入方式测试
(1) 环境准备
public class Company {
private Department department;
private List<Employee> employees;
public Company() {
}
public Company(Department department) {
this.department = department;
}
public void setDepartment(Department department) {
this.department = department;
}
public void setEmployees(List<Employee> employees) {
this.employees = employees;
}
}
public class Employee {
private String name;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
public class Department {
private String name;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}(2) xml 配置
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="company1" autowire="byName" class="com.github.binarylei.Company"/>
<bean id="company2" autowire="byType" class="com.github.binarylei.Company"/>
<bean id="company3" autowire="no" class="com.github.binarylei.Company"/>
<bean id="company4" autowire="constructor" class="com.github.binarylei.Company">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="department"/>
</bean>
<bean id="company5" autowire="default" class="com.github.binarylei.Company"/>
<bean id="employee1" class="com.github.binarylei.spring.Employee">
<property name="name" value="employee1"/>
</bean>
<bean id="employee2" class="com.github.binarylei.spring.Employee">
<property name="name" value="employee2"/>
</bean>
<bean id="department" class="com.github.binarylei.spring.Department">
<property name="name" value="department"/>
</bean>
</beans>(3) 测试一把
@Test
public void test() {
DefaultListableBeanFactory lbf = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(lbf);
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(new ClassPathResource("spring-context-di.xml", getClass()));
// 1. 名称注入
Company companyByName = (Company) lbf.getBean("company1");
// 2. 类型注入，支持 List 方式注入，如果本地容器找到多个则直接抛出异常
Company companyByType = (Company) lbf.getBean("company2");
// 3. no
Company companyByNo = (Company) lbf.getBean("company3");
// 4. 构造器注入
Company companyByConstructor = (Company) lbf.getBean("company4");
// 5. 默认
Company companyDefault = (Company) lbf.getBean("company5");
}二、Spring 属性注入源码分析
2.1 属性注入 - populateBean
Spring 属性注入在 populateBean 方法中完成，有两种注入方式：beanName 或 type 两种。
protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
if (bw == null) {
if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
throw new BeanCreationException("Cannot apply property values to null instance");
} else {
return;
}
}
// 1. 后置处理器 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor，可以先略过
boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
return;
}
// 2. 依赖查找。根据 beanName 或 type 查找可注入的属性值。
PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
pvs = newPvs;
}
boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);
// 3. 后置处理器拦截，对属性值进行处理 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor
PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
if (pvs == null) {
pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
}
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
PropertyValues pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvsToUse == null) {
if (filteredPds == null) {
filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
}
pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvsToUse == null) {
return;
}
}
pvs = pvsToUse;
}
}
}
// 4. 依赖校验。是否所有的字段已经全部匹配上了，根据需要是否要抛出异常
if (needsDepCheck) {
if (filteredPds == null) {
// 过滤不需要进行属性注入的字段，如 String、BeanFactory...
filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
}
checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
}
// 5. 依赖注入。至些属性已经全部准备好了，可以进行属性注入。
if (pvs != null) {
applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}
}上面的代码看这很复杂，其实抛开后置处理器 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 就做了三件事，其中属性的查找，尤其是根据类型的查找最为复杂：
- 依赖查找。根据 beanName 或 type 查找可注入的依赖值。
- 依赖校验。是否所有的字段已经全部匹配上了，根据需要是否要抛出异常
- 依赖注入。至些依赖已经全部准备好了，可以进行属性注入。
参考：
1 . 《Spring各种依赖注入注解的区别》：https://blog.csdn.net/gaohe7091/article/details/39319363
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