CentOs7.3搭建RabbitMQ3.6单机多实例服务
RabbitMQ简介
RabbitMQ是一个开源的AMQP实现，服务器端用Erlang语言编写，支持多种客户端，如：Python、Ruby、.NET、Java、JMS、C、PHP、ActionScript、XMPP、STOMP等，支持AJAX。用于在分布式系统中存储转发消息，在易用性、扩展性、高可用性等方面表现不俗。
AMQP，即Advanced message Queuing Protocol，高级消息队列协议，是应用层协议的一个开放标准，为面向消息的中间件设计。消息中间件主要用于组件之间的解耦，消息的发送者无需知道消息使用者的存在，反之亦然。
AMQP的主要特征是面向消息、队列、路由（包括点对点和发布/订阅）、可靠性、安全。
注意事项
centos 7.x 关闭firewall
$ systemctl stop firewalld.service # 停止firewall
不想关闭防火墙，就开放15672端口,设置之后可以通过网页方式管理MQ
安装安装iptables防火墙
yum install iptables-services
添加配置
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5672 -j ACCEPT iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 15672 -j ACCEPT
保存配置
service iptables save
重启
systemctl restart iptables.service
设置开机自启动
systemctl enable iptables.service
安装
安装 Erlang
RabbitMQ 安装需要依赖 Erlang 环境
$ cd /usr/local/src $ wget http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/erlang/erlang-19.0.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm $ yum install erlang-19.0.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
安装 RabbitMQ
$ cd /usr/local/src $ wget http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v3.6.10/rabbitmq-server-3.6.10-1.el7.noarch.rpm $ yum install rabbitmq-server-3.6.10-1.el7.noarch.rpm -y
启动服务
$ service rabbitmq-server start
服务状态
$ service rabbitmq-server status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service
● rabbitmq-server.service - RabbitMQ broker
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2018-03-05 21:42:10 CST; 15s ago
Main PID: 2493 (beam.smp)
Status: "Initialized"
CGroup: /system.slice/rabbitmq-server.service
├─2493 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-8.0.3/bin/beam.smp -W w -A 64 -P 1048576 -t 5000000 -stbt db -zdbbl 32000 -K true -- -root /usr/lib64/erlang -progname erl -- -home /var/l...
├─2634 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-8.0.3/bin/epmd -daemon
├─2750 erl_child_setup 1024
├─2760 inet_gethost 4
└─2761 inet_gethost 4
3月 05 21:42:07 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: RabbitMQ 3.6.10. Copyright (C) 2007-2017 Pivotal Software, Inc.
3月 05 21:42:07 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: ## ## Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
3月 05 21:42:07 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: ## ##
3月 05 21:42:07 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: ########## Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/[emailprotected]
3月 05 21:42:07 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: ###### ## /var/log/rabbitmq/[emailprotected]
3月 05 21:42:07 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: ##########
3月 05 21:42:07 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: Starting broker...
3月 05 21:42:10 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: systemd unit for activation check: "rabbitmq-server.service"
3月 05 21:42:10 master01 systemd[1]: Started RabbitMQ broker.
3月 05 21:42:10 master01 rabbitmq-server[2493]: completed with 0 plugins.查看日志
$ less /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@master01.log =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:07 === Starting RabbitMQ 3.6.10 on Erlang 19.0.4 Copyright (C) 2007-2017 Pivotal Software, Inc. Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/ =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:07 === node : [emailprotected] home dir : /var/lib/rabbitmq config file(s) : /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config (not found) cookie hash : +9loSJmR5x/9GEguoed28A== log : /var/log/rabbitmq/[emailprotected] sasl log : /var/log/rabbitmq/[emailprotected] database dir : /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/[emailprotected] =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Memory limit set to 732MB of 1831MB total. =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Enabling free disk space monitoring =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Disk free limit set to 50MB =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Limiting to approx 924 file handles (829 sockets) =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === FHC read buffering: OFF =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:07 === Starting RabbitMQ 3.6.10 on Erlang 19.0.4 Copyright (C) 2007-2017 Pivotal Software, Inc. Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/ =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:07 === node : [emailprotected] home dir : /var/lib/rabbitmq config file(s) : /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config (not found) cookie hash : +9loSJmR5x/9GEguoed28A== log : /var/log/rabbitmq/[emailprotected] sasl log : /var/log/rabbitmq/[emailprotected] database dir : /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/[emailprotected] =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Memory limit set to 732MB of 1831MB total. =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Enabling free disk space monitoring =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Disk free limit set to 50MB =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Limiting to approx 924 file handles (829 sockets) =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === FHC read buffering: OFF FHC write buffering: ON =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Database directory at /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/[emailprotected] is empty. Initialising from scratch... =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Waiting for Mnesia tables for 30000 ms, 9 retries left =INFO REPORT==== 5-Mar-2018::21:42:09 === Waiting for Mnesia tables for 30000 ms, 9 retries left
这里显示的是没有找到配置文件，我们可以自己创建这个文件
config file(s) : /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config (not found)
创建rabbitmq.config
$ cd /etc/rabbitmq/ $ vim rabbitmq.config
编辑内容如下：
[{rabbit, [{loopback_users, []}]}].这里的意思是开放使用，rabbitmq默认创建的用户guest，密码也是guest，这个用户默认只能是本机访问，localhost或者127.0.0.1，从外部访问需要添加上面的配置。
保存配置后重启服务
$ service rabbitmq-server restart
开启管理UI
$ /sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
重启服务
$ service rabbitmq-server restart
访问管理UI
通过 http://ip:15672 使用guest, guest 进行登陆了.
授权操作
添加用户
处于安全的考虑，guest这个默认的用户只能通过http://localhost:15672 来登录，其他的IP无法直接使用这个账号。 这对于服务器上没有安装桌面的情况是无法管理维护的，除非通过在前面添加一层代理向外提供服务，这个又有些麻烦了，这里通过配置文件来实现这个功能
命令格式
rabbitmqctl add_user <username> <newpassword> $ rabbitmqctl add_user zhdya 123456 Creating user "zhdya"
删除用户
rabbitmqctl delete_user <username> $ rabbitmqctl delete_user admin_test Deleting user "admin_test"
修改密码
rabbitmqctl change_password <username> <newpassword> $ rabbitmqctl change_password zhdya 123456 Changing password for user "zhdya"
用户授权
rabbitmqctl set_permissions [-pvhostpath] {user} {conf} {write} {read}该命令使用户zhdya /(可以访问虚拟主机) 中所有资源的配置、写、读权限以便管理其中的资源
$ rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" zhdya ".*" ".*" ".*" Setting permissions for user "zhdya" in vhost "/"
查看用户授权
rabbitmqctl list_permissions [-p VHostPath] $ rabbitmqctl list_permissions -p / Listing permissions in vhost "/" guest .* .* .* zhdya .* .* .*
查看当前用户列表
可以看到添加用户成功了，但不是administrator角色
$ rabbitmqctl list_users Listing users guest [administrator] zhdya []
添加角色
这里我们也将ymq用户设置为administrator角色
命令格式
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags <username> <tag> $ rabbitmqctl set_user_tags zhdya administrator Setting tags for user "zhdya" to [administrator]
再次查看权限
$ rabbitmqctl list_users Listing users guest [administrator] zhdya [administrator]
清除权限信息
rabbitmqctl clear_permissions [-p VHostPath] ymq rabbitmqctl clear_permissions -p / zhdya Clearing permissions for user "zhdya" in vhost "/"
官方文档
安装：https://www.rabbitmq.com/install-debian.html
访问控制：https://www.rabbitmq.com/access-control.html
网络：https://www.rabbitmq.com/networking.html
配置：https://www.rabbitmq.com/configure.html
集群：https://www.rabbitmq.com/clustering.html
命令：https://www.rabbitmq.com/man/rabbitmqctl.1.man.html#set_user_tags
web 界面
添加用户
鼠标点击，划红线的角色，选择一种
RabbitMQ的用户角色分类：
none、management、policymaker、monitoring、administrator
RabbitMQ各类角色描述：
none
不能访问 management plugin
management
用户可以通过AMQP做的任何事外加： 列出自己可以通过AMQP登入的virtual hosts 查看自己的virtual hosts中的queues, exchanges 和 bindings 查看和关闭自己的channels 和 connections 查看有关自己的virtual hosts的“全局”的统计信息，包含其他用户在这些virtual hosts中的活动。
policymaker
management可以做的任何事外加： 查看、创建和删除自己的virtual hosts所属的policies和parameters
monitoring
management可以做的任何事外加： 列出所有virtual hosts，包括他们不能登录的virtual hosts 查看其他用户的connections和channels 查看节点级别的数据如clustering和memory使用情况 查看真正的关于所有virtual hosts的全局的统计信息
administrator
policymaker和monitoring可以做的任何事外加: 创建和删除virtual hosts 查看、创建和删除users 查看创建和删除permissions 关闭其他用户的connections
设置权限
该用户无权访问任何虚拟主机
点击 用户名 Set permission
设置可以访问虚拟主机 中所有资源的配置、写、读权限以便管理其中的资源
至此rabbitMQ单机服务已经完全搭建完毕，下面来操作单机多实例：
rabbitMQ 单机多实例
其实在操作前我在网上看到了很多这种方案，多数为如下：
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5672 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit1 rabbitmq-server -detached RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5673 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit2 rabbitmq-server -detached RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5674 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit3 rabbitmq-server -detached
不过我觉得对于新人来说过于简陋和不负责任！！！
第一个节点
下面指定了特定hostname启动的,当然你也可以指定 为localhost。
[[emailprotected] sbin]# vim /etc/hosts #127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 127.0.0.1 master01
启动第一个节点
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5672 RABBITMQ_NODENAME[emailprotected] ./rabbitmq-server
第二个节点
[[emailprotected] sbin]# RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5673 RABBITMQ_NODENAME[emailprotected] rabbitmq-server -detached Warning: PID file not written; -detached was passed.
你可能发现不了什么，假如你去掉-detached 你会发现，最后你得到了一个这样的错误信息：崩溃了的信息。。。
Crash dump is being written to: erl_crash.dump...done
往上翻信息或者查看日志，你会看到这样的提示：
BOOT FAILED
===========
Error description:
{could_not_start,rabbitmq_mqtt,
{{shutdown,
{failed_to_start_child,'rabbit_mqtt_listener_sup_:::1883',
{shutdown,
{failed_to_start_child,
{ranch_listener_sup,{acceptor,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},1883}},
{shutdown,
{failed_to_start_child,ranch_acceptors_sup,
{listen_error,
{acceptor,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},1883},
eaddrinuse}}}}}}},
{rabbit_mqtt,start,[normal,[]]}}}启动第二个节点
[[emailprotected] sbin]# RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5673 RABBITMQ_SERVER_START_ARGS="-rabbitmq_management listener [{port,15673}] -rabbitmq_stomp tcp_listeners [61614] -rabbitmq_mqtt tcp_listeners [1884]" RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit1 ./rabbitmq-server -detached
Warning: PID file not written; -detached was passed.查看端口：
[[emailprotected] sbin]# !net netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4369 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3779/epmd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1348/sshd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:15672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3598/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:15673 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5679/beam.smp tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2065/master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3598/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25673 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5679/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 1418/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::4369 :::* LISTEN 3779/epmd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1348/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2065/master tcp6 0 0 :::5672 :::* LISTEN 3598/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 :::5673 :::* LISTEN 5679/beam.smp
查看rabbit1的状态：
cd /sbin/ ./rabbitmqctl status -n rabbit1
第三个节点
[[emailprotected] sbin]# RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5674 RABBITMQ_NODENAME[emailprotected] rabbitmq-server -detached Warning: PID file not written; -detached was passed.
启动第三个节点
[[emailprotected] sbin]# RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5674 RABBITMQ_SERVER_START_ARGS="-rabbitmq_management listener [{port,15674}] -rabbitmq_stomp tcp_listeners [61615] -rabbitmq_mqtt tcp_listeners [1885]" RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit2 ./rabbitmq-server -detached
Warning: PID file not written; -detached was passed.查看rabbit2的状态：
cd /sbin/ ./rabbitmqctl status -n rabbit2
查看启动状态：
[[emailprotected] sbin]# !net netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25674 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6759/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4369 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3779/epmd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1348/sshd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:15672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3598/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:15673 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5679/beam.smp tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2065/master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:15674 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6759/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3598/beam.smp tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25673 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5679/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 :::5674 :::* LISTEN 6759/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 1418/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::4369 :::* LISTEN 3779/epmd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1348/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2065/master tcp6 0 0 :::5672 :::* LISTEN 3598/beam.smp tcp6 0 0 :::5673 :::* LISTEN 5679/beam.smp
这样的话你可以通过：http://192.168.161.161:15672/#/，http://192.168.161.161:15673/#/ ，http://192.168.161.161:15674/#/ 访问web查看相关节点是否真的存在。下面就是如何实现集群操作了。
集群操作
把节点rabbit1 加入 rabbit中
1.停止第二个节点的应用程序
./rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1@master01 stop_app
2.重新设置第二个节点的元数据和状态为清空状态。
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected] reset
3.加入第一节点
./rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1@master01 join_cluster rabbit@localhost
4.重新启动第二节点
./rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1@master01 start_app
现在再次登陆web界面你可以到web端看到集群已经存在了！！！
把节点rabbit2 加入 rabbit中
同如上步骤的1234：其中注意点是，如果你需要设置第三个集群节点为内存模式，而非磁盘模式，可以参考当前版本的命令提示，在最后加上 –ram 参数
添加第三节点的完整命令
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected] stop_app ./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected] reset ./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected] join_cluster [emailprotected] ./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected] start_app 注意：如上第三步，如果你要设置第三个集群节点为内存模式，而非磁盘模式，那就需要 --ram ./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected] join_cluster [emailprotected] --ram
查看集群状态
./rabbitmqctl cluster_status -n rabbit@localhost
[root@master01 sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl cluster_status -n rabbit@localhost
Cluster status of node rabbit@localhost
[{nodes,[{disc,['rabbit1@master01','rabbit2@master01',
rabbit@localhost]}]},
{running_nodes,['rabbit2@master01','rabbit1@master01',
rabbit@localhost]},
{cluster_name,<<"[emailprotected]">>},
{partitions,[]},
{alarms,[{'rabbit2@master01',[]},
{'rabbit1@master01',[]},
{rabbit@localhost,[]}]}]到web端看下效果吧！！！
至此，集群搭建完毕。
遇到的问题：
RabbitMQ在安装后可能会出现无法启动，如：
Applying plugin configuration to [emailprotected] failed. * Could not contact node [emailprotected] Changes will take effect at broker restart. * Options: --online - fail if broker cannot be contacted. --offline - do not try to contact broker. Error: unable to connect to node [emailprotected]: nodedown DIAGNOSTICS =========== attempted to contact: [[emailprotected]] [emailprotected]: * unable to connect to epmd (port 4369) on 192: badarg (unknown POSIX error) current node details: - node name: 'rabbitmq-cli-97@192' - home dir: /var/lib/rabbitmq - cookie hash: rb2CNGgDqm+k5+jq1wj6vg== Error: unable to connect to node [emailprotected]: nodedown
解决办法
vi /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-env.conf 在文件中写入“NODENAME=rabbit@localhost”，保存。
20180515 再次增加3个实例：
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
第四个节点
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5675 [emailprotected]mid rabbitmq-server -detached
启动第四个节点
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5675 RABBITMQ_SERVER_START_ARGS="-rabbitmq_management listener [{port,15675}] -rabbitmq_stomp tcp_listeners [61616] -rabbitmq_mqtt tcp_listeners [1886]" RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit3 ./rabbitmq-server -detached
第五个节点
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5676 [emailprotected]mid rabbitmq-server -detached
启动第五个节点
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5676 RABBITMQ_SERVER_START_ARGS="-rabbitmq_management listener [{port,15676}] -rabbitmq_stomp tcp_listeners [61617] -rabbitmq_mqtt tcp_listeners [1887]" RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit4 ./rabbitmq-server -detached
第六个节点
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5677 [emailprotected]mid rabbitmq-server -detached
启动第六个节点
RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5677 RABBITMQ_SERVER_START_ARGS="-rabbitmq_management listener [{port,15677}] -rabbitmq_stomp tcp_listeners [61618] -rabbitmq_mqtt tcp_listeners [1888]" RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit5 ./rabbitmq-server -detached
--------------------------
加入集群
添加第四节点的完整命令
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid stop_app
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid reset
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid join_cluster [emailprotected]
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid start_app
添加第五节点
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid stop_app
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid reset
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid join_cluster [emailprotected]
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid start_app
添加第六节点
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid stop_app
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid reset
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid join_cluster [emailprotected]
./rabbitmqctl -n [emailprotected]mid start_app
-----------------------------------------
结束命令如下：
rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 stop
rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 stop
rabbitmqctl -n rabbit3 stop
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