Virtual DOM
https://ustbhuangyi.github.io/vue-analysis/data-driven/virtual-dom.html#总结
可以看到，真正的 DOM 元素是非常庞大的，因为浏览器的标准就把 DOM 设计的非常复杂。当我们频繁的去做 DOM 更新，会产生一定的性能问题。
而 Virtual DOM 就是用一个原生的 JS 对象去描述一个 DOM 节点，所以它比创建一个 DOM 的代价要小很多。在 Vue.js 中，Virtual DOM 是用VNode这么一个 Class 去描述，它是定义在
其实 VNode 是对真实 DOM 的一种抽象描述，它的核心定义无非就几个关键属性，标签名、数据、子节点、键值等，其它属性都是都是用来扩展 VNode 的灵活性以及实现一些特殊 feature 的。由于 VNode 只是用来映射到真实 DOM 的渲染，不需要包含操作 DOM 的方法，因此它是非常轻量和简单的。
Virtual DOM 除了它的数据结构的定义，映射到真实的 DOM 实际上要经历 VNode 的 create、diff、patch 等过程。那么在 Vue.js 中，VNode 的 create 是通过之前提到的createElement方法创建的，我们接下来分析这部分的实现。
virtual-dom - npm https://www.npmjs.com/package/virtual-dom
Manual DOM manipulation is messy and keeping track of the previous DOM state is hard. A solution to this problem is to write your code as if you were recreating the entire DOM whenever state changes. Of course, if you actually recreated the entire DOM every time your application state changed, your app would be very slow and your input fields would lose focus. virtual-dom is a collection of modules designed to provide a declarative way of representing the DOM for your app. So instead of updating the DOM when your application state changes, you simply create a virtual tree or VTree, which looks like the DOM state that you want. virtual-dom will then figure out how to make the DOM look like this efficiently without recreating all of the DOM nodes. virtual-dom allows you to update a view whenever state changes by creating a full VTree of the view and then patching the DOM efficiently to look exactly as you described it. This results in keeping manual DOM manipulation and previous state tracking out of your application code, promoting clean and maintainable rendering logic for web applications.
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