android Broadcast学习
其实所谓的静态注册,动态注册,是指接收广播的时候,是静态注册接收还是动态注册接收,发送的时候不分静态,动态
以发送intent为例,
一共分4种情况,以每次注册两个Broadcast为例:
情况一,注册2个静态Broadcast
如果是静态注册的,接收的一定是某一个类继承BroadcastReceiver
2个java文件如下:
BroadcastActivity.java
代码 package com.broad.test1; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.util.Log; //2个静态注册 publicclass BroadcastActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private Button button01; private Button button02; privatestaticfinal String TAG ="BroadcastActivity"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_1 ="su1.bluetooth.true"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_2 ="su1.bluetooth.false"; @Override publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); button01 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button01); button02 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button02); button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); } private OnClickListener mybtnListener =new OnClickListener() { @Override publicvoid onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (v.getId() == (R.id.button01)) { Intent intent =new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1); // 也可以用mContext.sendBroadcast(intent),mContext.sendBroadcast可以在构造函数里面初始化, // 有内部类的时候必须用??? sendBroadcast(intent); } elseif (v.getId() == (R.id.button02)) { Intent intent =new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2); sendBroadcast(intent); } else { Log.v(TAG, "not true not false"); } } }; }
BroadcastRecTest.java
代码 package com.broad.test1; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.util.Log; publicclass BroadcastRecTest extends BroadcastReceiver { privatestaticfinal String TAG="BroadcastActivity"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su1.bluetooth.true"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su1.bluetooth.false"; @Override publicvoid onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String action = intent.getAction(); if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){ Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su1.bluetooth.true"); }elseif(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){ Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su1.bluetooth.false"); }else{ Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>other type intent"); } } }
main.xml
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="静态接收广播true"/> <Button android:id="@+id/button02" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="静态接收广播false"/> </LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.broad.test1" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/> </intent-filter> </activity> <receiver android:name="BroadcastRecTest"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="su1.bluetooth.true"/> <action android:name="su1.bluetooth.false"/> </intent-filter> </receiver> </application> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8"/> </manifest>
运行结果:
注意,静态注册的broadcast运行有点慢:
情况2,一个静态,一个动态注册Broadcast
BroadcastActivity.java
代码 package com.broad.test1; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.util.Log; //1个动态,1个静态注册 publicclass BroadcastActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private Button button01; private Button button02; privatestaticfinal String TAG="BroadcastActivity"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su2.bluetooth.true"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su2.bluetooth.false"; @Override publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01); button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02); button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); } private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){ @Override publicvoid onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){ Intent intent=new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1); sendBroadcast(intent); }elseif(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){ Intent intent=new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2); sendBroadcast(intent); }else{ Log.v(TAG,"not true not false"); } } }; // 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 =new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override publicvoid onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //如果有多个动态注册的广播,要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}来判断是哪个 //String action = intent.getAction(); //这里只有一个,不用判断了。 Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su2.bluetooth.false"); } }; //在onStart中动态注册广播,当然也可以在onCreate里面注册 @Override protectedvoid onStart() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStart(); //动态注册 IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter(INTENAL_ACTION_2); //也可以用这种方法动态注册多个,说明我可以”接收“这么多的动态广播。 /* IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction("action1"); intentFilter.addAction("action2");*/ registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter); } //在onStop中取消注册广播,如果在onCreate里面注册,那么在onDestroy里面取消注册。 @Override protectedvoid onStop() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStop(); unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2); } }
BroadcastRecTest.java
代码 package com.broad.test1; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.util.Log; publicclass BroadcastRecTest extends BroadcastReceiver { privatestaticfinal String TAG="BroadcastActivity"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su2.bluetooth.true"; @Override publicvoid onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String action = intent.getAction(); if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){ Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su.bluetooth.true"); }else{ Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>other type intent--jingtai"); } } }
main.xml
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="静态接收广播true"/> <Button android:id="@+id/button02" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="动态接收广播false"/> </LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.broad.test1" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/> </intent-filter> </activity> <receiver android:name="BroadcastRecTest"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="su2.bluetooth.true"/> </intent-filter> </receiver> </application> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8"/> </manifest>
true是静态注册的,在Android.xml中注册的,false是动态注册的,在java代码中注册的
运行结果:
情况三、两个都是动态注册的,在同一个Activity里面既发送,又接收,(当然也可以在不同的java中,一个发送,另一个java接收,哪怕是不同的包)
动态注册不需要一个类继承BroadcastReceiver这个类了,直接new一个对象即可
代码 package com.broad.test1; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.util.Log; //两个动态注册 publicclass BroadcastActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private Button button01; private Button button02; privatestaticfinal String TAG="BroadcastActivity"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su3.bluetooth.true"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su3.bluetooth.false"; // private static final String BLUETOOTH_PERM = android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH; @Override publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01); button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02); button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); } private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){ @Override publicvoid onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){ Intent intent=new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1); sendBroadcast(intent); }elseif(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){ Intent intent=new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2); sendBroadcast(intent); }else{ Log.v(TAG,"not true not false"); } } }; // 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 =new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override publicvoid onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //如果有多个动态注册的广播,要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}来判断是哪个 String action = intent.getAction(); if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){ Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su3.bluetooth.true"); }elseif(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){ Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su3.bluetooth.false"); } } }; //在onStart中动态注册广播,当然也可以在onCreate里面注册 @Override protectedvoid onStart() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStart(); //动态注册两个, IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_1); intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_2); registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter); } //在onStop中取消注册广播,如果在onCreate里面注册,那么在onDestroy里面取消注册。 @Override protectedvoid onStop() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStop(); unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2); } }
main.xml
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="动态接收广播true"/> <Button android:id="@+id/button02" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="动态接收广播false"/> </LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.broad.test1" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8"/> </manifest>
情况4,sendBroadcast的时候加权限,以2个都动态注册为例
代码 package com.broad.test1; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.util.Log; //两个动态注册,sendBroadcast的时候加权限 publicclass BroadcastActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private Button button01; private Button button02; privatestaticfinal String TAG="BroadcastActivity"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su4.bluetooth.true"; privatestaticfinal String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su4.bluetooth.false"; privatestaticfinal String BLUETOOTH_PERM = android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH; @Override publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01); button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02); button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener); } private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){ @Override publicvoid onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){ Intent intent=new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1); sendBroadcast(intent,BLUETOOTH_PERM); }elseif(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){ Intent intent=new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2); sendBroadcast(intent,BLUETOOTH_PERM); }else{ Log.v(TAG,"not true not false"); } } }; // 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 =new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override publicvoid onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //如果有多个动态注册的广播,要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}来判断是哪个 String action = intent.getAction(); if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){ Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su4.bluetooth.true"); }elseif(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){ Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su4.bluetooth.false"); } } }; //在onStart中动态注册广播,当然也可以在onCreate里面注册 @Override protectedvoid onStart() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStart(); //动态注册两个,说明我可以”接收“2个这样Action的动态广播 IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_1); intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_2); registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter); } //在onStop中取消注册广播,如果在onCreate里面注册,那么在onDestroy里面取消注册。 @Override protectedvoid onStop() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStop(); unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2); } }
发送的时候加了蓝牙权限,
若在使用sendBroadcast()的方法是指定了接收权限,则只有接收方的包内--在AndroidManifest.xml中用<uses- permission>标签声明了拥有此权限的BroascastReceiver才会有可能接收到发送来的Broadcast。
同样,若在注册BroadcastReceiver时指定了可接收的Broadcast的权限,则只有在接收方的包内的AndroidManifest.xml中 用<uses-permission>标签声明了,拥有此权限的Context对象所发送的Broadcast才能被这个 BroadcastReceiver所接收。
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="动态接收广播true"/> <Button android:id="@+id/button02" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="动态接收广播false"/> </LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.broad.test1" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/> </manifest>
注意上面加的蓝牙permission权限
两个Application间,发送广播,(以静态为例)
发送端:
package com.sendbroadcast.test1; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; //import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams; import android.widget.Button; import android.util.Log; public class SenderTest1Activity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private Button btn1; private static String TAG = "SenderTest1Activity"; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn1); btn1.setText("susuSendBroadcast"); btn1.setOnClickListener(mylistener1); Log.v(TAG, "onCreate........"); } OnClickListener mylistener1 = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.v(TAG, "@@@@@onclicksendbroadcast"); if (v.getId() == btn1.getId()) { Log.v(TAG, "onclicksendbroadcast"); Intent myIntent = new Intent(); myIntent.setAction("su.broadcast.send"); sendBroadcast(myIntent); } } }; }
接收端:
另一个application
1、Activity
package com.broadcast.receiver.test1; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; public class BroadcastReceiverTest1Activity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } }
2、BroadcastReceiver
package com.broadcast.receiver.test1; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.util.Log; public class MyIntentReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String action =intent.getAction(); if(action.equals("su.broadcast.send")){ Log.v("MyIntentReceiver", "#####shoudao"); } } }
3、AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.broadcast.receiver.test1" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="15" /> <application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" > <activity android:name=".BroadcastReceiverTest1Activity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <receiver android:name=".MyIntentReceiver" android:label="wodeReceiver" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="su.broadcast.send" /> </intent-filter> </receiver> </application> </manifest>
运行Application1,点击button,Application2广播接收端会收到这个广播,打印log信息(但不会显示BroadcastReceiverTest1Activity的界面),还是显示SenderTest1Activity的界面,
Log信息如下:
01-30 05:14:01.146: V/SenderTest1Activity(769): onCreate........
01-30 05:14:01.766: I/ActivityManager(90): Displayed com.sendbroadcast.test1/.SenderTest1Activity: +996ms
01-30 05:14:02.085: W/InputManagerService(90): Starting input on non-focused client com.android.internal.view.IInputMethodClient$Stub$Proxy@415548b0 (uid=10009 pid=182)
01-30 05:14:02.125: W/NetworkManagementSocketTagger(90): setKernelCountSet(10009, 0) failed with errno -2
01-30 05:14:02.735: V/SenderTest1Activity(769): @@@@@onclicksendbroadcast
01-30 05:14:02.735: V/SenderTest1Activity(769): onclicksendbroadcast
01-30 05:14:02.776: V/MyIntentReceiver(977): #####shoudao
接收端Application3,用动态方式接收。(把Application1的发送的action变成("su.broadcast.send2");)
package com.myreceive.test2; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; public class BroadcastReceiverTest2Activity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } private BroadcastReceiver br= new BroadcastReceiver(){ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.v("BroadcastReceiverTest2Activity","#####dongtaireceive"); } }; @Override protected void onStart() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStart(); IntentFilter it = new IntentFilter(); it.addAction("su.broadcast.send2"); registerReceiver(br,it); Log.v("BroadcastReceiverTest2Activity","#####registerReceiver"); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onStop(); unregisterReceiver(br); Log.v("BroadcastReceiverTest2Activity","#####unregisterReceiver"); } }
先运行Application3,不能退出(back),否则就unregisterReceiver了,也就不能收到发送端发送的广播了。再运行Application1,点击button,发送广播,log信息如下:界面还是Application1的界面UI
01-30 07:13:14.918: V/SenderTest1Activity(651): @@@@@onclicksendbroadcast
01-30 07:13:14.918: V/SenderTest1Activity(651): onclicksendbroadcast
01-30 07:13:14.937: V/BroadcastReceiverTest2Activity(591): #####dongtaireceive
对于静态Application2接收广播来说,back之后也能接收到发送端发过来的广播!
注意:发送广播并不能调起另一个Activity!一直显示的都是发送广播的那个Activity的UI!!
总结:
以发送intent为例,发送广播都用sendBroadcast(intent);
静态注册接收的时候,只需要
(1)得到action,如:
String action = intent.getAction();
(2)判断action类型,做出相应的动作。
动态注册接收的时候,需要:
(1) IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();
(2)intentFilter.addAction(。。);可以添加多个
(3)注册接收,registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver对象,intentFilter);别忘了在其他需要的地方取消注册接收!!!
(4)得到action,如:
String action = intent.getAction();
(5)判断action类型,做出相应的动作。
<Linker : http://www.cnblogs.com/snowdrop/articles/1906709.html>
优质内容筛选与推荐>>