#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <strsafe.h>

HANDLE hSlot;
LPTSTR SlotName = TEXT("\\\\.\\mailslot\\sample_mailslot");

BOOL ReadSlot()
{
    DWORD cbMessage, cMessage, cbRead;
    BOOL fResult;
    LPTSTR lpszBuffer;
    TCHAR achID[80];
    DWORD cAllMessages;
    HANDLE hEvent;
    OVERLAPPED ov;

    cbMessage = cMessage = cbRead = 0;

    hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, TEXT("ExampleSlot"));
    if (NULL == hEvent)
        return FALSE;
    ov.Offset = 0;
    ov.OffsetHigh = 0;
    ov.hEvent = hEvent;

    fResult = GetMailslotInfo(hSlot, // mailslot handle 
        (LPDWORD)NULL,               // no maximum message size 
        &cbMessage,                   // size of next message 
        &cMessage,                    // number of messages 
        (LPDWORD)NULL);              // no read time-out 

    if (!fResult)
    {
        printf("GetMailslotInfo failed with %d.\n", GetLastError());
        return FALSE;
    }

    if (cbMessage == MAILSLOT_NO_MESSAGE)
    {
        printf("Waiting for a message...\n");
        return TRUE;
    }

    cAllMessages = cMessage;

    while (cMessage != 0)  // retrieve all messages
    {
        // Create a message-number string. 

        StringCchPrintf((LPTSTR)achID,
            80,
            TEXT("\nMessage #%d of %d\n"),
            cAllMessages - cMessage + 1,
            cAllMessages);

        // Allocate memory for the message. 

        lpszBuffer = (LPTSTR)GlobalAlloc(GPTR,
            lstrlen((LPTSTR)achID)*sizeof(TCHAR) + cbMessage);
        if (NULL == lpszBuffer)
            return FALSE;
        lpszBuffer[0] = '\0';

        fResult = ReadFile(hSlot,
            lpszBuffer,
            cbMessage,
            &cbRead,
            &ov);

        if (!fResult)
        {
            printf("ReadFile failed with %d.\n", GetLastError());
            GlobalFree((HGLOBAL)lpszBuffer);
            return FALSE;
        }

        // Concatenate the message and the message-number string. 

        StringCbCat(lpszBuffer,
            lstrlen((LPTSTR)achID)*sizeof(TCHAR) + cbMessage,
            (LPTSTR)achID);

        // Display the message. 

        _tprintf(TEXT("Contents of the mailslot: %s\n"), lpszBuffer);

        GlobalFree((HGLOBAL)lpszBuffer);

        fResult = GetMailslotInfo(hSlot,  // mailslot handle 
            (LPDWORD)NULL,               // no maximum message size 
            &cbMessage,                   // size of next message 
            &cMessage,                    // number of messages 
            (LPDWORD)NULL);              // no read time-out 

        if (!fResult)
        {
            printf("GetMailslotInfo failed (%d)\n", GetLastError());
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    CloseHandle(hEvent);
    return TRUE;
}

BOOL WINAPI MakeSlot(LPTSTR lpszSlotName)
{
    hSlot = CreateMailslot(lpszSlotName,
        0,                             // no maximum message size 
        MAILSLOT_WAIT_FOREVER,         // no time-out for operations 
        (LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES)NULL); // default security

    if (hSlot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        printf("CreateMailslot failed with %d\n", GetLastError());
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

void main()
{
    MakeSlot(SlotName);

    while (TRUE)
    {
        ReadSlot();
        Sleep(3000);
    }
}

运行Server端后一直处在等待状态：

Client（Writer）端：

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>

LPTSTR SlotName = TEXT("\\\\.\\mailslot\\sample_mailslot");

BOOL WriteSlot(HANDLE hSlot, LPTSTR lpszMessage)
{
    BOOL fResult;
    DWORD cbWritten;

    fResult = WriteFile(hSlot,
        lpszMessage,
        (DWORD)(lstrlen(lpszMessage) + 1)*sizeof(TCHAR),
        &cbWritten,
        (LPOVERLAPPED)NULL);

    if (!fResult)
    {
        printf("WriteFile failed with %d.\n", GetLastError());
        return FALSE;
    }

    printf("Slot written to successfully.\n");

    return TRUE;
}

int main()
{
    HANDLE hFile;

    hFile = CreateFile(SlotName,
        GENERIC_WRITE,
        FILE_SHARE_READ,
        (LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES)NULL,
        OPEN_EXISTING,
        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
        (HANDLE)NULL);

    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        printf("CreateFile failed with %d.\n", GetLastError());
        return FALSE;
    }

    WriteSlot(hFile, TEXT("Message one for mailslot."));
    WriteSlot(hFile, TEXT("Message two for mailslot."));

    Sleep(5000);

    WriteSlot(hFile, TEXT("Message three for mailslot."));

    CloseHandle(hFile);

    return TRUE;
}

一旦运行Client端往邮件槽中写入数据，Server端就会读取到：

参考：https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365576%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365785%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/13724/Windows-IPC

五，剪切板

剪贴板(Clipped Board)实质是Win32 API中一组用来传输数据的函数和消息，为Windows 应用程序之间进行数据共享提供了一个中介，Windows已建立的剪切(复制)－粘贴的机制为不同应用程序之间共享不同格式数据提供了一条捷径。当用户在 应用程序中执行剪切或复制操作时，应用程序把选取的数据用一种或多种格式放在剪贴板上。然后任何其它应用程序都可以从剪贴板上拾取数据，从给定格式中选择 适合自己的格式。
剪贴板是一个非常松散的交换媒介，可以支持任何数据格式，每一格式由一无符号整数标识，对标准(预定义)剪贴板格式，该值是 Win32 API定义的 常量；对非标准格式可以使用Register Clipboard Format函数注册为新的剪贴板格式。利用剪贴板进行交换的数据只需在数据格式上一 致或都可以转化为某种格式就行。但剪贴板只能在基于Windows的程序中使用，不能在网络上使用。

OpenClipboard:Opens the clipboard for examination and prevents other applications from modifying the clipboard content.

BOOL WINAPI OpenClipboard(
  _In_opt_ HWND hWndNewOwner
);

hWndNewOwner [in, optional]

Type: HWND

A handle to the window to be associated with the open clipboard. If this parameter is NULL, the open clipboard is associated with the current task.

SetClipboardData:Places data on the clipboard in a specified clipboard format. The window must be the current clipboard owner, and the application must have called the OpenClipboard function.

HANDLE WINAPI SetClipboardData(
  _In_     UINT   uFormat,
  _In_opt_ HANDLE hMem
);

GetClipboardData:Retrieves data from the clipboard in a specified format. The clipboard must have been opened previously.

HANDLE WINAPI GetClipboardData(
  _In_ UINT uFormat
);

运行程序一，内容拷贝到clipboard中：

#include <iostream>
#include<windows.h>
#include<string.h>
//#include <afx.h>
using namespace std;
void main()
{
    string source("Hello Clipboard!");

    if (OpenClipboard(NULL))
    {
        HGLOBAL clipbuffer;
        char * buffer;
        EmptyClipboard();
        clipbuffer = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_DDESHARE, source.size() + 1);
        buffer = (char*)GlobalLock(clipbuffer);
        strcpy(buffer, source.c_str());
        GlobalUnlock(clipbuffer);
        SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT, clipbuffer);
        CloseClipboard();

    }
    system("pause");
}

运行程序二，可以从clipboard中得到数据：

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

void main()
{
    char * buffer;
    if (OpenClipboard(NULL))
    {
        buffer = (char*)GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT);
        printf("%s\n", buffer);
    }
    CloseClipboard();
    system("pause");
}

得到：

即便不利用程序二，我们右键粘贴也可以得到数据：

参考：

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms648709%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

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